Acids And Bases 1-24
21 entries in the Acids And Bases compendium.
Acid dissociation constantQuantitative measure of acid strength in solution.Acid saltSalts that yield acidic solutions, often via partial neutralization of polyprotic acids, bAcid strengthAcid strength measures proton donation tendency via dissociation constants.Acidity functionMeasures proton-donating ability beyond the pH scale.AlkaliAlkalis are water-soluble bases with pH above 7.0.Alkali saltBasic salts from incomplete neutralization of strong base and weak acid.AmphoterismSubstances that can react as both acids and bases.Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theoryAcids donate protons; bases accept protons.Buffer solutionBuffer solutions resist pH change via weak acid–conjugate base equilibrium.Carbonic acidA metastable acid central to respiration and water chemistry.Conjugate (acid-base theory)Conjugate pairs form when acids donate protons to bases.LyeAlkaline solutions used for cleaning, soap, food, and industry.Magic acidA superacid that stabilizes carbocations and protonates alkanes.Malic acidA dicarboxylic acid central to metabolism and food sourness.Mineral acidInorganic acids that release hydrogen ions in water.Non-nucleophilic baseBulky bases that remove protons without acting as nucleophiles.Organic acidWeak organic acids used in food, industry, and biology.Oxalic acidSimplest dicarboxylic acid, used in cleaning and metal chelation.Perchloric acidStrong mineral acid and oxidizer used in rocket propellant.Phosphoric acidA major industrial acid used primarily in fertilizers.ProtonationAdding a proton to form a conjugate acid.
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